Oven.



L. R. HOLBROOK.

OVEN.

APPLICATION FILED DIJO. 24, 1909.

970,501. v A Panentedsepn2o,191o.

`5 SHEETS- SHEET 3` L. R. 'HoLBRoom OVEN.

I y APPLICATION FILELI-DEO. 24, 1909.

970,591 Patented Sept. 20, 1910.

.` 5 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

:Lucius R. HoL'RRook, or

of Kansas, useful Improvements 1n Ovens,

roRT RILEY, KANSAS, AssIGNoR or ONE-HALF 'ro PATRICK DUNNE, or roRr RILEY, KANSAS.

OVEN.

Application filed December `Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Sept. 20, i910.

24, 190e.` serial No. sanno.-1

To all 'whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Luoros It. I-IoLRooK, a citizen of-the United States, residing at Fort Riley, in the county of Geary and State have invented lcertain new and of which the following is a specification. A l

' This invention relates to improvements in portable ovens for ieldservice.

The prime object of the invention is to provide a structure, so constructed, that it can be quickly and conveniently assembled or knocked down and arranged -in compact form for transportation or storage purposes.

, It is of the utmost importance 1n an oven of this character, when used for army serv ice especially, tion 'be such that the details of construcas yvill withstand the hard usage, and the inexperience of those han- To this end the Linventioncomprehends improvements in the construction and arrangement of the. parts, and at the same time being so simple as will enable one withl ordinary intelligence. to assemble it, or knock it down,

. without liability of breakage.-

'thereby prevent 1 According to this invention, I'provide the baking chambers withopenreduced ends or necks, which protrudev through the casing to` obtain a substantial support, and also provide the casing .with other supports, on which the front and rear of said chambers rest when. in use. Temporary supports are also provided for holding the'baking chambers whileplacing the rear sectionv of the casing-carrying 'the rear supports vinposition.: Thesesup'p'orts arev hinged on the inside of thelcasing, and they may be folded whenithe oasingis packed for transporta.-

tion.

MyA inventionfalsorelatesi to the manner! of constructinfggthe casing sections, whereby bled'fas will ,permit of .the employment of clips to` quickly bind the parts together, and

As itis primarily intendd the use lof my ovento set up ,the.parts'dilrectly en .;the ground, over a pit previouslyfdugl inr'the earth, it is important that the cover foresaid Pit be Specie tense heat, and-fat, the same time properly and vequally spread the products offcoinbustion in -tlie'various ues.

, horizontal section.;

folded thereon. y

which will makel itfne'cessary to describe them falling wheny thel oven. isinuse f' I yeonstructed. to resist the in- Therefore this invention relates to improvements in the cover for the fire pit, .the same comprising two spaced curved plates with interposed asbestos, tending iues to direct the products of combustion toward the inner sides of the casing.

This invention also relates to the specific and outwardly eX-v details of construction lof the baking chamr l bers. i Y r.

In addition to the oven being used for baking I have arranged a folding auxiliary coverfor the fire it which extends outside the, casing, and w ich may be utilized as a shelf or support for holding pots or kettles for boiling purposes.

The arrangement of parts and the specific details of constrution will be hereinafter described and particularly pointed out in the claims.

In the'drawings: Figure l is a perspective view, Fig. -2 is a longitudinal section; Fig. 3 is a transverse section; Fig/t is a Fig. 5 is a detail perspective, view looking from the inside of the front section of the casing; Fig. 6 isa dev tail View of the auxiliary cover and the fire shield; Fig. 7 is a plan view of the' cover forV the fire pit; Fig. 8 is a detail perspective4 view ofthe rear section of the casing; Fig; 9'

is a detailsection of the rear section of the casing and the auxiliary door and shield Thecasin A-1'is tions, each aving, peculiar characteristics The front sect1 formed of a series of sec- Y on'iscomposed of a frame madeof angle.` irons 12?,l having secured l thereto an-outersheet ofiiron 4,' formed with -8 extend between-the upf-er andlower vangle irons, and are securedl to the outer-' sheet of iron 4, .adjacentlit e `openings" 5, 6 and'; :Over the rear face ofk the sheet irpn 4,-isrl ya layer of asbestos 10,4andovei4 its face`- is ani-inner sheetofiron `11. holdjthe inner5 and outer'sheets. of iron and interposed layer of asbestos together. Near theA top/of theinner face -of the frontsection is`. j,ahorizontal b ar i2. Spaced from this bar 1 2', andfbelow the same are` three .similar transverse bars ,13, le and t15,1ocated` adjacent the lower walls ofthe; ,openings 5, 6 and 7.? l

ipreferablythree openings and 7. Braces "y other "jfjfastening' means are en'riployec'l't to, see 1 curely.

:The two side sections 17; and 18, are sirnii larly constructed, and a description of. one will be suicient for both: Each side' section 1aar 24. Below the bar are' I and 15 on the front section.

is composed of 'a frame 19 formed of ,angle iron, an- Vouter sheetl of'metal 20 riveted thereto, and interposed braces 21': 'On the 'inner' face of the sheet of lnetal 420, is alayer The rear-section'. 26 'com-prises a fa'me 27,

' formed of angle iron,'wit h a sheet of metal riveted' thereto; On the inner face o fl the' tected by alsecond'metal sheet, 29, the metal' and asbestos being securely riveted together..

vNear the top of the' inner face ofthe .rear`. section 26, is a horizontalbar, 30,`ai1d 'spaced therefrom,

and below the; saine are three similarhorizontal bars 31.` Below these b ars and near the vbottom of thesection 26, is aY .curved bar, or support,`32. "i f The horizontal bars,12, 24,' and f30,"of the f ront, rear and side sections ar'all "the same plane and form a 'stip drt-"fori the' top, 33.` The three horizontal- 'ars-,

' and 15,' are in alinement vWithth'e sinilal" ports for the three baking.`

` end of the cover for' the incipit, to be A.referred to, and also vform's'a joint betweenlformed of angle irons, that the abutting Hangesextend outwardly in the'same direction, The object ofso arranging the angle irons barsBl on the rear section and-"serve as isup; chanibwer's, i"-faixd.i the barf32 forms a means ffor'1ocatingbne' said cover' and the rear section..z f The frames of the sections as stated,`are

and are so 'positioned as best seenin-'Fig.4.

'L is, that enables me t'o Au se a simple-I and in- Aexpensivecmeans for quickly and conven-V inetalO andl 41,* and :u ieritlyflocking the sections together; There* `are' a number of these locking devices f forabutting' corners 'of .the sections",.zthe l numbendependin .on 'the lsizeI of the-bvenL' 'v Eachlocking evice consists of' a sb'- ntially U shape clip,'35,'v one leg oiwhich .formed-'with a threaded 'opening 36, for a tions.; 4The coverj comprises two" sheets of ...and 1s; i 13,114,1-

' tect'y the, asbestos,

'60, provi of; the products "of c mhllstion,` This vba'ile v plate is-en the" side.opposite .toj thatofthe'. s baille.'- platerqcf the lowergbaking chamber, to' caus, thei escaping gases4 .to the various chambers. f lIl he u'pp'erm'ostbaking Achamber-issub- .'stantially the same as'the othersgexcept that, anlinterposed layer fof asbestos, and transversely aiaiigedlbraces i "42. Extending outwardly. from e'achs'ide of thefarch,nformed byfthe; cross sectional@ curvature ofthe cover, are lues, 43","whih l terminate short f thefside sections 51'( 4and offtwo thicknesses of' metal with'asbestos interposed therebetween, and t'o strengthen them, they are 4provided toward th lower corners. asbestoszgraduall ecreases in thiclmss to;

withbraces, Each baking chamber consists off a metal- ;casin 4 7, with a reduced 'neckor extension" 49,'0 such'size as'willpas's.throughfone of` the bpenings 5, 6 and-7,. and at theends are; handles 50.. lThe'j necks. are lopen in. front, `and aiford the'only'ineans-or" gaining ac; llcess to the'bakinggchambersjfand the only- 2 Per-arising bread or'the'like; "'-Withn1- a," dQOr--i 4 si-securely e uallyincreasesin thickness from the bottom: I

The layer of,

ward 'the .uppei corners, 'from which? it be:

thanattheicorresponding pointiatithefbot- 7 hold it 'in ositiongon the' bakingit is covere openings 57, 'for the passa because of it being at s ujch aremote '.disn4 weite:

18.' These flues like the cover, are formed" tirely around the same,

l exit ofthe products of combustion.

I ,latch` engages when th" asbest seen .62. Furthermore, the layer is not one of the upper corners of this baking setting up the oven,

`adjacent the openings therein. With little tus, it is desirable y sarees@ .y 'placed e'affvertical position across the* ,pi

i 'fiendv 'fwis'e oi 'andoutsfide thei are tightened to securely hold thel Ysaid sections together.. The sides and front sections having' been assembled, the lire pit cover is placed in position over the pit, the s ame resting at its rear end on the curved cross bar and the remaining edges being supported on the earth adjacent the pit. rlhen the lower baking chamber is put in place, that tance from the fire pit, the layerA of asbestos is greatly reduced. The layer of asbestos on this baking chamber does not extend enbuty terminates at the top corners as indicated at so thick as in the ease of the two preceding chambers described, as clearly indicated in Fig. 3. To

oints near chamber, is attached'a baiiie plate 64, which extends to the casing and is formed with openings for the passage of the gases. This baffle plateison the same side as the baffie late on the lowermost chamber to cause lche gases to take a circuitous route to the ing 7 in the front section and is 4supported by the horizontal cross bar 15, and the lowermost hingedside each-other, and temporarily support the rear ofthe chamber, until the others have been positioned and the .rear section been posi` tioned. rllhe two remaining baking chambers vare similarly positioned and supported in'the casing on the respective cross bars and hinged lugs, until 'the rear section is placed in vertical position abutting against In order that the baking chambers may be assembled in their proper positions, when theysar'e each provided with indicating `characters 66, and similar characters 67, are noted on the front section the frames of the side and rear sections are secured together by the clips,.and the rear ends of `the respective chambers are sup! ported on the rear vhorizontal cross bars 31.

he top is now placed within the upper part of the assembled casing ported on the upper bars ranged for this purpose. dicated at. 91 is spread on the top to retain theheat within the casing as much as pos sible, and to still further and te protect the oven from inclement weather a iiexible protecting cover of water proof canvas, is thrown over the' ent-ire, tgp, and is provided with ropes to fasten it to the casing. The auxiliary door 78, and

care these characters will enable an attendant toproperly locate a particular chamber constructed to resist the heat ata particular point in the casing, and thereby reduce to a minimum the liability .of misplacin-g them.

From the top section lead the two mem bers of a fork shape exit. iu'e 71, each member havinga damper 72, to control Athe l2, 24! and 3Q fare4 A layer of dirt in- Hinged to the rear section 26, is an auxiliary cover 73, for the fire pit, and it is pro-` vided with a longitudinai slit 74, *which is covered on the bottom with a thinmetal plate 75. The functionof theslit is to compensate for warping when the fire is made in the fire pit. The hinged door 7 3, is designed to serve as a shelf, or support for pots or kettles.

.Hin ed to the auXiliarycover is a shield 77 which fits down in the fire ,pitv and. serves as a door for the latter. Theend of' the -shield is' cut away at 78` to pro-vide yan plpening for the admission of, draft to the When transporting or storing the vapparay and convenient to fold the auxiliary cover and shield close tothe rearsection .of the casing. .To hold the parts'vin this position,a latch' 79, is.pivoted to the-rear section, and at 4itsilmoked end a tire is started inthe fire piti By reason of the fact that the front and'rear sections of 1 of combustion pass through the outwardly'eif tendediu'es into the spacenn passagej between v4'the --lowerlngst cl`='a mber= .L `and the re pit cover, 'andare' defiected 'by fthe baffle platei-to'phe-naow-passage 95 formed' :bef 1 i, ,tween the, opposite'4 side fothe `chaf'flnber and A-jthe krcasing, 1andiiytheb" vef'plate60, 'the rgases 'are'..rdire'cted between "heytwo lower yhambers the ,funderside of' the shield 73; i'sisecured a staple82, .with which fthehooked y of the n 'inFig 9., `lillhfen assembling the A,app ra s,` l p earth, 'and the,V front section betv'veenthefintermediate side 4sections are similar l sing. .The products of laV the clipsiare slippe e abut y AVeni.deected vby theb'aie 'tinge ners of th'e'angie tra "iste y through'thespace-'between the top andfthe -boits l', and ff intermediate chambers,-

lugs are turned towardV sections, and is sup-r confine the heat,

throughithena ow passagev through. the` the ends of the sidesections'. The corners of v shield 77 are released from the latch 80 and v the'casing taper somewhat toward the topf.` and the baking chambers are of substan, y -tially the-same width, the passages or` ines formed between said lchambersA and casing p A neuwertig i ture. When the tire islstartedthe `prod-u ts.' i

ormed I f. Space 98,130 the passa e 99 lformed by the bak-ing'chamber to provide acircuitous path top and theto'p4 chamer to the eXit flue. in the exit passa e for the products offcom-y y Whilethe baffle? plates 56,160,A and 64 direct bustion, each bakmg chamberhaving a layer t `the escapinglga'ses throughthe t'ortuous pasof heatfresisting material, the layer ofi-heat l .sage described', a-portiwnoif f the"gas'es-j will resistingprnaterlal decreasing in roportion 7,0 take'a"morejdireqtcol'So the 'writ-flue` on each baking chamber from t e bottorn .throughthe cpenings.-in'said' vbaflies; j It is. j toward theltop',- a cover plate for-a tire pit ofpourse evident aportion'of the-*producta,I `f ormed iu the earth belowthe` casing, the combustioniwill paas through the slight@ casing and cover 4plate being adapted to` be 10 spaces indicated at 200, in Figs, 2 andft,Y and. independently'supportd by the earth at thel 75 f formed; between.l the .front "and rear endho'f "sides ofi-the; fire ,p1t, andlueen the cover the chambers' and theI front and rea-r vsecu v plateff'or thejexit of the products of combus-. `tions of the cas`ing, so.that-'thewhole outer tionintothe exit passage. "surface'withinsthe caSiii ie'siibjected'to the portable -rouenv comprising ra" casing j 15, `heatedy gase's.-=- s-the. cambers are closed,. ofmposed -Of Secti0`n'sa plurality of remov- 80 ythe vapor'ffrom' thedou' Ahjdl'iring the baking 'able'baling chambers1 1n the casing, and period is lconfined,Whic 'adds greatly to jen' 4spaced from the latter to form apassage for hance the grade ofthebread. 1A the I roductsl ofco bustion,' bars on the in- Th'ivention as describedl is Simple and. 51de" ofthecasingt'osup ort thev baking nirati-velyj inexpensive,- and '-7ma,y,`.be' chambers, a cover'plat-e to t over/a//re 'pit g5 l. quie yf and convenientlyassembled jor. 'dug under the clasln, sald cover plate and f,ki1Ckd-down. Furthermore by construct-.' tsmg' ,adapted4 to e independentlyf supf ig'theparts11s-described; theheat isg-ef-fj'orted by the' earth adjacent said pit, and` ;c fectually-retainedjin the casin ,Q and by,e'm" ues'l 1n the cover-plate,for theexit of the .3251 ployingajpit-"for the fire and-utilizing a" .,.pi'odfltsofcombnstion to th'epassage 90 f '-,over to' Straddle-- the same, considerable ,cX-J ..ptbl'e oven comprising 2lv C11-Sing pensea'i'dtime issaved in" h'cmanufacturef os'ed'ofsectmns havlng outwardly eX-' andasse'm'blingof parts n bn 111% anges' at the abuttmg Acor1 1ere, de a What I f thb' Clips-engaging' 'the Outwarly eX# 151:401'" 'mprising a'casin" v91f1di 2,`ttflanges to, secure the ecti'ons .to- 95 {st-sect1` sections; one ofsai gather', a lseries of baking chambers ,supi n y plurality:ffopeningsfdeportedanthe casingl andepaced 'fronrthe for-1.scragnthesections u, same, fa: --nbametpla exten-ding from with: h abutting'.cornersyangexit Hue baking `ham be `rftoward the casiil'gt'opro-" -thacasjng a seriescf v1de ',a circui'tous passage for-'theproducts l heca'sin @andapaced Y, ofi/combustion, acover plateto fltgover-are hesidelw llafthereof to" orirjas's'age pit/dugzin the earth under the casing, the.;l evexit tIiHfPIQdHCtS-Qf cnustion, @Sing andcvr-pltteing adapted@ be* j; filming chzunl'mfrsl hayingeducd exten--f independently supported by the earth atlth "'ionaextendingthrough.the'openihgsginfthe -sidesbf theire pit, -uesy .extending fiornnigs asingg-fgdoorf 'each vreduced",ez'zvtexision, 4 the coverplate for the exit-bf theV- r'oducts upportingbars'on the front'. and sec#- of combustion to the circuitousA pasageway5 at the 'upper'endof-Lthi:y

tionfsgof vthe,casingto' support thghakin 'tand an exit Hue jf't-chambers,afcoverqplate'for a'r'e'pitfcrme l 'Casin I. a, n 45 'inthe-earth underthecasing, theeasingand4 [5'. portable ovencomprising'a ,casina coverplatezjbein adapted to ,be inde end-*f :jadapted to-be supported on the earth 'ar`o1`1i1'--4 a ently -Suppo '1 'te` d y.the earth at jth'esi 'j a fire `pit,`andmade in'sections', Seach section the' fir"7 pl1t',` an d ues in .thecover plaftelfor v co1 znp'rising'a frame ofangle ironand.-two` -V f'theproducts;gif-combustiontolthe hee'tlof metal Withan inter osed'layer'of' 'isting-'Ihateriah oneowsaid "sections 115' pemnga'sjubstantially'U shape clips l, s Qfoiengaging thev angle irons at. 'j u b t'ngpornersgofkthe sectionstosecure y f ogethen-supportingi bars' on the e' tios below the tgp; `edges .no

cat .ireei imi-'fermer L Suor su to iitg'over a fire pit dug in thek earth under the casing, the edges oi the cover plate-resting on the earth each side the pit and supported independently of thtl casing, lues extending from the vcover plate `and communi-y cating with the e'xit passage, and an exit flue at the upper end of the casing.

` 6. An oven comprising a casing which rests upon the.groundvtioyer atire pit, said casing having openings, baking chambers supportedip the casing, and spaced .from the walls ofthe latter t'o forman exit passage, each chamber having a reduced exten- `sion which protrudcs through the openings .in the casing, baille plates, located between the baking chambers and the casing to forni a circuitous passage for the escaping gases, .fi-cover plate extending'over the fire pit, said coverplate adapted to be supported by the earthhadjacentsaid pit, independentlyx offthe casing, iues extending from the cover plate and into the circuitous passage, and an exit iiue at the'upper end ofthe casing.

7. An oven comprising a casing which rests upon-the ground over a fire pit, said casing having openings, baking chambers supported in the vcasing and spaced from the Walls to form an exit passage the end` of said chambers protruding through the flues extending from the cover plate and terminating short of the Walls of the casing for the exit of the gases from the iire pit, and an eXit flue at the upper end of the casing.

8. A portable oven comprising a casing formed With openings, cross bars mounted on the inside of the casing,- a series of baking chambers having reduced extensions which pass through the openings in the casing, said chambers being of less Width than the interior of the casing toform an exit passage and supported on the 'cross bars, a plurality of hinged supports on the inside ot the casing to temporarily hold the baking chambers when assembling the casing, av cover plate fitting over .a fire pit dug in the earth under the casing, the casin and cover plate being adapted to be in ependently supported by the earth at the sides of the fire pit, iues extending from the cover plate and into the exit passage for the escape of they products of combustion, and an exit flue at the upper part of the casing.

9. A portable oven comprising a casing composed of sections having outwardly eX'- tended flanges at the abutting corners, and adapted to` be supported by the earth around Wardly exteided fianges to secure the sections together, one of said sections having v openings, baking chambers'supported in the a fire pit detachable clips engaging the outcasing ;and spaced from the Walls of the..

latter to form an exit passage, the chambers having reduced extensions which protrude through the openings, handles on the baking chambers, hingedA supports on the inside of the casing to temporarily support the bak-- ing chambers When' assembling the casing, a""-cove1 plate for a iire pit dug under the casing salu cever plate resting on the -walls of the earth ladjacent the re pit; flues eX- tending from the cover plate to permit-the products of' combustion torpass into the casing, bailieplates for directing the products of combustion. around the baking chambers, and an exit flue near the top of the casing.

v10. In a portable oven, the combination of a casing comprised of sections, one of which is provided with openings, a plurality of removable baking chambers mounted in the casing each halting chamber being of less Width than the interior of the casing to form `exit passages for the products of direct the products of combustion around thefbaking chambers, detachable clips for securn the sections together, a cover plate for a re pit Y. dug in the earth under the combustion, each baking chamber having a casing theY casing and coverplate beingadapted to be independently supported by4 the earth at the sides of the fire pit, flues Vextending from the cover plate and into thel yexit passages, and an exit flue. at the u r art of the casin plIJriJ tlestimony Whereo I affix my signature in presence of two Witnesses. LUCIUS R. HOLBROOK.-

Witnesses: f

ELLIS R. BOWMAN, ALFRED J MAXWELL. 

